Which states will enact data center moratoriums before 2028? — Before Jan 1, 2028

A data center moratorium is a legally binding state action, such as a statute, executive order, regulation, or agency or utility-commission order, that categorically prohibits or suspends at least one approval, permit, utility interconnection, or other pathway that new or expanded data centers need to proceed. It must apply throughout the state, not only in particular localities or regions. A utility-commission order counts if it covers every utility the commission regulates. It may cover only a defined class of data centers, such as by power demand, water use, size, or new versus expanded status, and may exempt existing facilities, approved projects, or applications past a specified stage. It need not be called a moratorium, and a permanent prohibition also qualifies. It counts once it is operative and mandatory for the agencies, regulators, or utilities responsible for the affected pathway, even if it later expires, is repealed, or is enjoined. The following do NOT qualify: Holds or denials affecting a single project or developer Restrictions on the sale, lease, or other disposition of state-owned property Changes to tax exemptions, subsidies, or other financial incentives Studies, reports, task forces, or nonbinding requests New requirements that a project can proceed by satisfying Measures that only slow or add review to applications